6 August 2022
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For the 1860 slave schedules, census enumerators were instructed to provide the names of all slaves age 100 years or more. The Decennial Digest reports there were 1,570 slaves age 100 and up on the 1860 slave schedules. Using the 1860 slave census index at Ancestry online [subscription required],1,555 such slaves have been found, and they are included in the table.
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1885, Thurston County Census, Thurston County Territorial Auditor
These records contain an index and images of the Thurston County census recorded in 1885. Information collected in this census includes the names of each member of the household and the following categories: Age; Males; Females; White; Black; Mulatto; Chinese; Indian half-breeds; Kanakas; Profession, occupation, or trade; Married; Single; Place of birth; Can not Read, age over 15 years; Can not write, age over 15 years; Whether deaf and dumb, blind, insane, or idiotic; Male citizens of U. S. over 21 years of age; Female citizens of U. S. over 21 years of age; Aliens citizens of U. S. over 21 years of age – Males; Aliens citizens of U. S. over 21 years of age – Females.
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Ancestry.com - Alabama, U.S., State Census, 1820-1866 $
Original source: This database contains state censuses from Alabama for the years 1820, 1850, 1855, and 1866. Each of these censuses recorded the names of the head of households and the number of other household inhabitants according to gender and age categories. Some years also included race categories and distinguished between individuals who were free and slave. Unfortunately, records do not exist for every county that existed at the time. Ancestry.com has searchable indexes; database results and some digitized images are available with a fee-based subscription. Free articles and helpful research materials.
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Ancestry.com - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S., African American Census, 1847 $
Original source: African-American Census of Philadelphia. Swarthmore, Pennsylvania: Friends Historical Library, Swarthmore College. Ancestry.com has searchable indexes; database results and some digitized images are available with a fee-based subscription. Free articles and helpful research materials.
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Cartographic and Architectural Records at the National Archives in College Park, MD
The Cartographic and Architectural holdings in College Park, Maryland, include over 15 million items, including maps, charts, aerial photographs, architectural drawings, patents, and ship plans.
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FamilySearch - Alabama State Census, 1866 FREE
Index of the 1866 census from Alabama. This census lists head of household and has statistical information about the makeup of the household. In some counties, the records indicate whether there were soldiers in the household who were killed, disabled, or died of sickness.
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Federal Records that Help Identify Former Enslaved People and Slave Holders
By Claire Kluskens, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC
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Library of Congress - Digital Collections - Slaves and the Courts, 1740 to 1860
This collection consists of 105 library books and manuscripts, totalling approximately 8,700 pages drawn principally from the Law Library and the Rare Book and Special Collections Division of the Library of Congress, with a few from the General Collections. The selection was guided in large part by the entries in Slavery in the Courtroom: An Annotated Bibliography of American Cases by Paul Finkelman (Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1985), which was based on research in the Library collections. The documents comprise an assortment of trials and cases, reports, arguments, accounts, examinations of cases and decisions, proceedings, journals, a letter, and other works of historical importance.
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Living with the Hydra: The Documentation of Slavery and the Slave Trade in Federal Records
George Washington Williams's History of the Negro in American from 1619 to 1880 viewed slavery as a legal and political problem at the core of the new federal government.
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This site is devoted to pointing out the many places that affected the newly freed survivors of slavery. The sites where Freedman’s Bureau offices were located are marked for you. In addition other institutions that served former slaves, are marked – the branches of the Freedman’s Savings Bank, Freedmen Schools, contraband camps, and even the location of battle sites where men who were in the US Colored Troops fought.
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Military Records for African-American Genealogy: Suggestions for Researchers
By Claire Kluskens, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC.
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Missouri State Archives - Missouri Census Records and Tax Lists
The Missouri State Archives has territorial, state, federal and special census records from 1752 to 2004, which can be used to locate an ancestor’s specific location. In addition, tax lists are good substitutes when census records are not available.
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Missouri State Archives - Federal Census Schedules for Missouri (1830-1940)
Includes Federal Census Supplemental Schedules (1850-1940).
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Philadelphia African-American Census 1847
In 1847, Philadelphia Quakers conducted a census of the city’s African American population. Their intention was to document the existence of an “industrious and thriving” portion of that population, and also to discover what sectors of the community may have been in need of attention and assistance. Over 150 years later, the original data - held in manuscript at the Friends Historical Library of Swarthmore College - proves a rich resource for studying African American history, genealogy, Philadelphia history, and more.
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Philadelphia African-American Census 1847
In 1847, a committee of Philadelphia Quakers conducted a census of the city’s African American population. Their intent was to document the existence of an “industrious and thriving” portion of that population, and also to discover what sectors of the community may have been in need of attention and assistance. The manuscript volumes they produced contained forty-three elements of information for each of more than four thousand households in Philadelphia. Their survey was distilled into a forty-four-page report titled A Statistical Inquiry into the Condition of the People of Colour of the City and Districts of Philadelphia (1849).
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Race and Slavery Petitions Project
Underwritten by a "We the People" grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities, The Race and Slavery Petitions Project is a cooperative venture between the Race and Slavery Petitions Project and the Electronic Resources and Information Technology Department of University Libraries at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro. The Project offers a searchable database of detailed personal information about slaves, slaveholders, and free people of color. Designed as a tool for scholars, historians, teachers, students, genealogists, and interested citizens, the site provides access to information gathered and analyzed over an eighteen-year period from petitions to southern legislatures and country courts filed between 1775 and 1867 in the fifteen slaveholding states in the United States and the District of Columbia.
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Slave Ancestry Research, It's Something Else (Amazon)
A book by Mary L. Jackson Fears.
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Slavery in America and the World: History, Culture and Law
Research the history of slavery in America and the world with this award-winning HeinOnline collection. Discover a multitude of essential legal and historical materials relating to the institution of slavery.
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The Twelve Key | Information about U.S. archival records
This site primarily lists historical and genealogical publications by Claire Kluskens.
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The African American Archives of the Western Reserve Historical Society
The African American Archives of the Western Reserve Historical Society was established in 1970. Its purpose is to collect, preserve and make accessible historic documents, photographs, memorabilia, art, and artifacts pertaining to African American life, history and culture in Northeast Ohio. The collection includes manuscripts, photographs, microfilm, and newspaper collections. Museum artifacts are specific to the African American experience and cover a wide range of topics and categories of primary importance to the body of Black history.
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A selection of cases from the Records of the U.S. District Courts in the states of Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina.
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Veterans History Project (Library of Congress)
A project of the American Folklife Center of the Library of Congress. Collects, preserves, and makes accessible the personal accounts of American war veterans so that future generations may hear directly from veterans and better understand the realities of war.
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Visualizing Emancipation is a map of slavery’s end during the American Civil War. It finds patterns in the collapse of southern slavery, mapping the interactions between federal policies, armies in the field, and the actions of enslaved men and women on countless farms and city blocks. It encourages scholars, students, and the public to examine the wartime end of slavery in place, allowing a rigorously geographic perspective on emancipation in the United States.
