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The Important Fuel Resources of the State of Indiana 1903 Indiana Coal Law Of 1905 Is A Good One 1908 Arbitration to End Strikes 1911 The Coal Fields of Indiana 1912 Earliest Coal Mining in Indiana 1914 1920 ~ Controversy about Indiana Food and Fuel Commission Should the State of Indiana Own or Operate a Coal Mine ? Geology Coals of the Allegheny Division in Indiana - 1921 Coal Companies Maumee Collieries Coal Company Strip Mining ~ History ~ Photographs People of the Coal Industry Fatalities including : 1884 - 1910 October 1, 1911 - September 30, 1913 October 1, 1920 - September 30, 1921 Non-Fatal Casualties 1910 Explosions First-Aid & Rescue Contests |
| 1912
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Twenty-one counties of the state produce coal in some quantity. The report of the total cost of mining the coal and the total amounts received from its sale will be included in the report of the inspector. [Fuel Magazine, Vol XIX. No. 24, October 15, 1912; Chicago, ILL.] County Information
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| 1908 |
| Indiana Coal Law Of 1905 Is A Good One |
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In affirming a judgment for $1,000 recovered by William B. Sams against the Chandler
Coal Company, the IndianaSupreme Court held that the coal mine act of 1905 is constitutional.
The particular features of the statute attacked as unconstitutional were those which excuse from its operation mines employing less than ten men, and which make a mine owner who fails to light a shaft absolutely liable for the injuries of any miner who is injured by falling down the shaft in the dark. Sams was trying to enter the elevator cage half way down a mine shaft, where there was no light, when he missed the cage and fell to the bottom of the shaft. The statute requires two lamps at each shaft, "except when electric lights are used," and it was urged that this was an unfair discrimination against mines lighted by other means than by electricity. But the court says that this language merely means that two lamps are to be used except when the shaft is otherwise sufficiently lighted by electricity, so as to be safe without lamps. The court also says there is no unjust discrimination in the provision that the act shall only apply when ten men or more are employed in a mine, because this makes it apply to every mine where a large force is worked, and takes every mine out of its operation when the force is cut down. [Fuel Magazine, Fuel Publishing Company, Vol. 11 No. 10, Chicago, July 7, 1908] |
| 1903 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The Important Fuel Resources of the State of Indiana.
4 Written by Edward F. Cooke, of the Cooke-Rutledge Coal Co., Chicago. In Two Parts -- Part One. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Fuel has been recognized by mankind of all ages as one of the most important factors of his existence.
At first its use may almost be said to have marked man off from the lower animals. With it he could
successfully cope with the adverse conditions in nature. Fuel enabled him to prepare foods otherwise not
eatable; to live in climates otherwise uninhabitable; to see in the night as in the daylight. With it the ores
of the earth yielded up their metals and prepared the way to civilization.
Little wonder is it, then, that coal took a conspicuous part in its growth and that man all over the world should place coal and the sun, as the apparent sources of heat, among his divinities. At first he obtained his fuel from the surrounding forests, but the time came early in human history, as all know, when here and there the combustible nature of coal was discovered, and yet for a long time the abundance of wood fuel and the difficulty with which coal was ignited, owing to humankind not being acquainted with its nature, restricted its use to the one purpose to which it proved much better adapted than wood, namely, in metallurgy. In this connection it is proper to say that attention is frequently called to the fact that the present material prosperity of nations is proportional to the coal development of each. The assertion is frequently made, and is not contradicted, that England owes her supremacy as a great nation to her coal fields, which she held until our country passed her as a coal producer in 1898. Who can say how much of the boasted wealth of our country would exist had she possessed no coal beds? Furthermore, there is a movement going on of late which promises greater prosperity to our coal producing states. This is found in the tendency of the more important manufacturing concerns to leave the large cities and commercial centers and settle in the smaller towns as closely as possible to the source of the supply of their raw materials. Coal may be said to be one of the raw materials in almost any kind of manufacturing and usually just in proportion to the part that power plays in the process of manufacture or production. It follows as a matter of course that, all things being equal, this movement on the part of large industrial enterprises will tend toward those states the coal resources of which are the best and most favorably known. Indiana has coals containing many good qualities and these coals can be utilized in most any manner that the eastern coals can. This is especially true of those mined in Sullivan county. These can be used as a solid fuel where the character of the work will prevent their being used in any other form. They can be made into gas at the factories where it is to be consumed; but, better still, gas can be manufactured in the coal fields, if necessary, and can be forced to the point where it will be consumed. This is possible under the improved system of pumping, that is, by forcing it under pressure to the furnaces where it is to be used. If it ever became necessary for the manufacturers of the Indiana gas belt to move their factories, there are many places within the confines of the state which would offer equal, if not superior, advantages to those found in other states. The three great elements which must ever be taken into consideration in locating a factory of any kind are: First - Transportation facilities. Second - Fuel supply. Third - Quantity and, above all, the quality of raw material. If a factory can be located where two of these factors are present, the owner is very fortunate; if where all three of them are to be found, he can, other things being equal, defy competition. Transportation facilities and fuel are present in many parts of Indiana. That the fuel is plentiful and of excellent quality has been thoroughly demonstrated within the past three years. Places like Terre Haute, at the head of navigation on the Wabash and with eight railroads radiating in all directions: Brazil, located in the very center of the block field, with three railroads, and Linton, the second coal mining town in the state, with two railroads, together with Sullivan and Green counties, with a fine quality of coal and excellent railway facilities, all offer unexcelled locations for factories of all kinds. Beside these, Washington, Daviess, Pittsburg, Pike, Clinton and Vermillion counties, together with many other places located in the center of large coal deposits, offer excellent outlets by railroads. If Indiana coals are not of the best quality and best adapted to manufacturing purposes, why is it that other coals from other states are losing out daily in the lower part of Indiana where they can come into the market via Madison, on the Ohio river, with a one-third less rate than by rail? It is very evident, is it not, and the facts seem indisputable, that Indiana is possessed of fuel resources and transportation facilities equal to, if not surpassing, those of any other states in the Union. Whether Indiana shall use these possessions to the best advantage -- keep her factories within the state boundaries, increase the number dependent upon her fuel resources both within and and without the state, and ship increasing tonnage into the northwest -- remains to be seen. The opportunity to do these things is at hand and its accomplishment will depend almost wholly upon the energy and the public spirit of the mine owners of the coal area, coupled with the mine workers, so that the coal be properly prepared for the trade. Then, in this connection, the railroads owe a duty to those who have invested fortunes along their roads in coal mines, and this duty is to provide equipment so that when the trade does come and prices are sufficient to reward the operator for his patience and labor, they and he can both discharge their joint obligations promptly and satisfactorily. In this connection there is just one word I would add. Why should coal be slighted by not having just as much right to rapid transit as other merchandise? The day is at hand when it will, and all shippers will certainly welcome the arrival of that day. According to inquiries made some years ago by Thomas Wilson while inspector of the mines of the state, the first coal was mined in Indiana by Alpha Frisbee by strippings on Little Pigeon creek, seven miles east of Newburg and three miles from the Ohio river. Dr. J. T. Scovell reports finding an advertisement of coal for sale in a paper in 1832, but does not mention the name of the paper. Earlier than either of these is the report that in 1812, when Robert Fulton made his first trip down the Ohio river in his steamboat "The Orleans," he stopped at Fulton, near Cannelton, Perry county, and obtained some coal, whether for use as a fuel or he was prompted to do so by curiosity is not known. However, it is known that by 1840 coal was being regularly mined at many places over the state and was used for blacksmithing purposes and in many instances for shipment. As far as is known such coal was mined by stripping or drifting on the outcrop. Mr. Wilson gives the date of the first shaft as 1850, which was sunk by John Hutchison one mile east of Newburg, on the bank of the Ohio river. What was known as the famous block coal of Clay county is first said to have been recognized as such in 1851. A gentleman by the name of Mr. Hays, of Center Point, reports finding it in a well on Mrs. Hoff's place, in section sixteen, township eleven. About the same time Mr. Ferguson called attention to the block nature of the coal found by Mr. Rardon near Brazil. It was first shipped out of the county in 1852 by John Weaver and Capt. Ezra Olds, who obtained it from the bed of Otter creek. From this time on mining operations on a large scale began to be developed rapidly until, in 1879, the coal industry demanded the attention of the legislature, which passed laws regulating the conduct and operation of the mines and providing for a mine inspector. At this time the coal production of the state was over 1,000,000 tons. In 1886 Indiana, with a production of 2,000,000 tons, stood seventh among the coal producing states of the Union. In 1889 Indiana stood eighth with a production of nearly 3,000,000 tons. In 1896 the state stood eighth with a production of nearly 5,000,000 tons. The last report on the coal deposits of Indiana was planned and decided upon about five years ago, and upon the gathering of data for it and its preparation have been expended most of the energies and resources of the department of geology of the state. The gradual lowering of rock pressure, as the geologists term it, throughout the Indiana gas field, together with the diminution of the supply of gas all about the margins of the field, were proof sufficient that the supply of that valuable fuel for manufacturing purposes would soon end. No report of the coal area of Indiana was published for twenty years prior to 1898, so you can readily see how rapidly its quality was recognized by the rapid growth that has occurred in the meantime. From this report many valuable facts have thus become available which, if properly arranged, would enable one to show much more accurately than is possible with the limited space which is available the conditions and the fuel value of the coal deposits of Indiana. The report of 1898 shows that five million and some odd thousands tons of coal were mined, which was an increase over 1897 of 1,500,000 tons, and this was, as the records show, due to an absence of the usual strikes and the largely increased demand for coal. This demand was in part due and brought about by the reduction in the supply of natural gas and the use of coal in its place. The production of coal in Indiana up to the present time by years was as follows: In 1899 5,865,975 tons were mined; in 1900, 6,283,063 tons; in 1901, 7,019,203 tons; in 1902, 8,763,197 tons.
Location of Sullivan County The area of square miles of the coal producing counties of Indiana is as follows:
If on the map of Indiana the position of every point at which a ton of coal has been found be marked, it will be evident that coal is confined to the southwestern part of the state. Geologists have shown that the following counties are practically entirely underlaid by the coal measures:
The quality of coal in Indiana ought to enlist the active support of all dealers and users of fuel in the northwest. This coal would undoubtedly meet with little or no opposition were it not for the doubt in the minds of the trade that it might reach them poorly prepared. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Tipple at Elite Mine, Sullivan, Indiana, in which the Cooke-Rutledge Coal Co. is Interested.  Western Exposure of the Tipple at Elite Mine, Sullivan, Indiana, in Which the Cooke-Rutledge Coal Co. is Interested. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The Important Fuel Resources of the State of Indiana.
5 Written by Edward F. Cooke, of the Cooke-Rutledge Coal Co., Chicago. In Two Parts -- Part Two. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The burning qualities of Indiana coal resemble those of the Fourth Pool Youghiogheny nearer than that of
any other product I have any knowledge of. This is especially true of our Elite coal, which is one of the
standard coals mined in Sullivan county. I am speaking strictly of the application of this coal for domestic
and steam purposes. As a grate coal it has no superior. I have used it in an open grate with the following
results: I bring in an ordinary bucketful in the morning and another in the evening (this is lump coal), and the
two bucketfuls keep a bright, cheerful fire for twenty-four hours. It holds fire over night. There is never a
clinker in the grate and I get scarcely two buckets of fine red-tinted ashes a week. To be sure we do not
crowd the fire at this time of the year, but it keeps the room warm and cheerful for the little ones in damp
weather. We have a rousing good fire in the morning and in the evening. It responds quickly to stirring and
makes a heat so intense that very little smoke is thrown off, but when allowed to smolder it is so rich it softens and runs into puff balls, as Youghiogheny generally does, and throws off a large amount of smoke and soot,
requiring plenty of oxygen and some poking to produce the best results, as it is a coking coal, consequently
an ideal coal for holding fire over night and en economical heat producer, as it sears over when its energy
is not required. This coal responds fiercely when stoked and continues to burn in a white heat with a long,
cheerful blaze when supplied with a draft and agitated by stoking occasionally. These are the actual
facts observed by my own fireside.
The lump coal, after it is screened, goes into a weigh pan, where it is weighed, and the miner whose check was on the car is given credit for it. The fine coal which goes through the screen passes into a bin, and from there to the cars. The lump coal is then let out of the pan on to another screen and is carefully rescreened for domestic use. After passing over this screen all the fine coal is thoroughly removed from it and the lumps pass from there down a chute with just sufficient pitch to carry them into a box car loader trough, and they are then conveyed into each end of the box car with little or no breakage. Each trough of coal is carefully looked over and all impuritiesare removed by slate pickers. When the car is loaded the loader is partly withdrawn from the car by its own power to allow the trough to travel out. which automatically swings around to an angle that will permit its going out the car door. Then the whole machine moves back to clear the side of the car, it requiring less than one minute to withdraw it from the box car and about two minutes to enter and connect with the chute through which the coal descends. The car is then weighed on, our track scales and is shipped to the north and west, where it is rapidly displacing other coals. It requires ten seconds to hoist a mine car from the bottom of the shaft, dump it, weigh it and deliver it into the weigh pan. All of these officials are very competent, an element which has considerable to do with the successful operation of a coal mine. Mr. Whitsett, whohas direct charge of the mining property, is a thorough believer in modernequipment and the greatest economy in the management of a mine. He hasmade a study of these subjects and due to this fact we are enabled to prepareour coal for market very carefully. We consider Mr. Whitsett one of the bestgeneral managers for a mine in the state of Indiana and I am indebted to himfor this description of the property. Enoch Atkinson, the mine boss, is an old, experienced miner, and, although this is one of the first mines in which he has held this position, it comes as natural to him as though he had been identified with mine management for the past twenty years. George Hinkle is an experienced electrician. Much of the success of the mine depends upon his efforts because of the fact that if the machines are not constantly kept in repair, or if they are out of condition, the tonnage immediately falls off. This is especially true in a mine where electricity plays as important a part as it does in this one. George M. Lott, the superintendent, is a mechanical engineer with considerable mine experience, a necessary qualification in the mine of today where a large part of the work is done by machinery. All these officials of the property are as much interested in seeing the production increased to 1,000 tons a day as are the owners, and they are all using their greatest efforts to this end. With such determined mine officials incharge of a property, it is practically assured they will accomplish what theyhave set out to do, and that by the first of the new year. The average of the coal now being mined in Indiana is probably not far from four feet at present. The block coal mines average about three feet one inch and the bituminous mines between four and five feet. The thickest coal mined in the state is about ten feet, and the thinnest is about two feet nine inches. Country banks mine as low as one foot, and even less, by stripping. Some of the coal beds maintain a thickness of from five to eight feet over a considerable area, while in other parts of the field the coal is too thin to mine. A comparison with other states shows that in Alabama out of thirty-five coal beds eight are over four feet thick; Kentucky and Illinois are about the same as Indiana; Ohio, four to four and one-half feet; Michigan, three to four feet; in Pennsylvania the mammoth coal beds attain a maximum thickness of fifty to one hundred feet; the Pittsburg bed is about ten feet and averages about five to eight feet of workable coal. The coal in the northern portion of Canada is about forty feet in thickness; that of Arkansas, three feet; Iowa, four and one-half feet. In South Wales occur 100 coal beds with a total thickness of 120 feet, seventy odd feet of which is being worked. In the well known Newcastle (England) region the coal beds aggregate sixty feet; in Belgium the thickest bed is three feet. |
| 1921 | |
| Coals of the Allegheny Division in Indiana
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Farming the Top and Mining the Bottom, Along the Line of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway in Indiana By William N. Logan, State Geologist |
 William N. Logan |
Production from both sides, or rather from top and bottom of farm land, should prove highly remunerative. Farming the top and mining the bottom is what is taking place over a large area along the line of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul railway in Indiana. Here we have two industries occupying the same area, the one supplying man's food, the other his fuel. A drive over the top gives one only an imperfect conception of the magnitude of the bottom industry. One bituminous coal mine in Indiana has produced 6,128 tons, 128 cars of coal in eight hours. The Allegheny coals of Indiana are of the bituminous variety. On freshly fractured surfaces or unweathered surfaces the color is pitch black and the luster bright and vitreous. On weathered surfaces many of the coals present rusty yellow or brown colors. In structure they are generally stratified, bands of mineral charcoal of dull luster alternating with bright thicker bands of anthraxolon, composed of the larger parts of plants. The coals split readily along the planes of the bands of dull luster and are intersected vertically by joint planes which divide the coals into blocks of varying size. The fracture of the coals varies from irregular to cubical and they possess a medium degree of hardness for a bituminous coal. The specific gravity of the coals ranges from 1.55 to 1.28 and the weight per cubic foot from seventy-one to eighty pounds. The ash is yellowish or slightly reddish and generally free from clinkers. The amount of ash is medium for bituminous coals. The moisture and sulphur content is medium, the sulphur content running highest, as a rule, in Coal III. The volatile matter is usually high. The fuel ratio varies from .70 to 1.48. Mining conditions are generally favorable. The mines are not deep. There is little trouble from water, roof and floor conditions are generally good. Very little trouble is experienced from mine gases. The increase in production is evidence that these coals are growing in demand. Coal III often contains one or more partings. These partings are sometimes composed of shale or bone coal, but very frequently of pyrite. Veins and horses of pyrite are often present. On weathering Coal III breaks up into blocks with rusty yellowish colored faces. The exposed surface of the outcrop is generally stained with a yellow or brown coating of the hydrous oxide of iron, which has been produced through the chemical decomposition of pyrite. The roof of Coal III is generally sandstone or sandy shale. (See illustration.) It is usually firm and little roof difficulties are experienced back of the outcrop. The floor is generally composed of fire clay and causes little or no trouble from swelling in entries. Coal III is used principally as a steam coal. Some of it is used for domestic purposes, though its generally high sulphur content renders it undesirable for that purpose. It is used for fuel by railroads, cement and ceramic plants and in the manufacture of producers' gas. It has a light reddish colored ash. Its specific gravity is about 1.22 and its weight about seventy-six pounds to the cubic foot. The composition is given in the following table.
 View showing sandstone overlying Coal III near Clay City, pick placed at the point of contact. Glacial drift above the sandstone. Coal IV is one of the best coals of Indiana for domestic use. It is also one of the best coking coals, though it is not used alone for this purpose, but is mixed with other coal. Where it is best developed, as in the Linton field, it consists of a solid bed without partings and from four to six feet thick. The roof of Coal IV is usually a sandstone (see illustration below) or a shale. In some places the sandstone dips down into the coal, showing that an erosion interval succeeded the deposition of the vegetable matter which formed the coal. The floor on which the coal rests is either sandstone or sandy shale. It is mined in about fifty mines in Indiana. The main mining centers are Linton, Jasonville, Terre Haute and Clinton, all prosperous communities.  View showing Coal IV and the sandstone overlying it near Jasonville. The sandstone causes a thinning of coal in places. It is used as a domestic coal, in the manufacture of illuminating and producers' gas, in the manufacture of coke, in the manufacture of atomic fuel, as a locomotive and steam coal, as a fuel in ceramic and metallurgical plants. The specific gravity of Coal IV is about 1.19 and its weight per cubic foot is about seventy-five pounds. The composition is given in the following table.
Coal V is the most widely distributed mineable coal in Indiana. It is also of very uniform thickness over large areas, rarely falling below five feet. It is mined in Vanderburg, Warrick, Gibson, Pike, Sullivan, Knox, Clay, Greene, Vigo and Vermillion counties. The principal mining centers are Boonville, Newburg, Bicknell, Princeton, Petersburg, Ayrshire, Muren, Hymera, Dugger, Paxton, Terre Haute and Clinton. The maximum thickness of Coal V is about ten feet, the average thickness is five feet. The roof of the coal is usually a black sheety shale, which makes a good roof for mining purposes. In many places the black sheety shale contains pyrite concretions which are spherical in form and often extend downward into the top of the coal bed. These concretions are of epigenetic origin and the layers of black sheety shale are often bent around them. Above the black sheety shale is a limestone containing in many places the fossil remains of marine animals. This limestone varies in thickness from one to five feet and serves to indicate the horizon of Coal V. Calcite from this limestone is often found in the joint crevices of Coal V. The floor of the coal is a fire clay, that make an excellent bottom from which to load coal, without shoveling in impurities. Coal V is one of the better grades of Indiana coals. By some companies it is sized, washed and sold for domestic use. It is also used as steam, railway, producer gas, and industrial plant coal. More than 100 important mines are mining No. V in Indiana. It has a specific gravity of about 1.25 and weighs about seventy-eight pounds per cubic foot. It has the following compositions:
The specific gravity of No. VI is about 1.15 and the weight per cubic foot is about seventy-two pounds, but greater weights and densities occur in the bed. The color of the ash varies from light brown to yellowish brown and its feasibility is about 2,040 degrees F. The composition of the coal is given in the following table:
The above general analysis shows decidedly different chemical properties from those found in other coals of Indiana. All of which goes to prove that no two coal seams are alike, in structure, appearance or characteristics. The interval between Coal VI and Coal VII is occupied by shales, sandstone and limestones. The distance between the two coals in the northern part of the area of outcrop is about thirty five feet, but this interval decreases until the two beds are mined as one in western Warrick county.
Mining centers for Coal VII are Sullivan, Shelburn, Farmersburg, Terre Haute, Vincennes, and west of Clinton. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Sources : 1. The Coal Field Directory, 1921, Keystone Consolidated Publishing Co., Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa. 2. Directory of Coal Produers in Indiana, State of Indiana, October 1951 3. The Black Diamond, Vol. 67 No. 26, Chicago & New York, December 24, 1921 4. The Black Diamond, Vol. 31 No. 18, Chicago & New York, October 31, 1903 5. The Black Diamond, Vol. 31 No. 18, Chicago & New York, November 7, 1903 1884 Report of Inspector 1885 Report of Inspector 1886 Mine Inspector's Report 1888 Mine Inspector's Report 1890 Report of State Mine Inspector; Year ending October 31, 1890; 1891 1891 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Seventeenth Annual Report; 1892; Report of State Inspector of Mines 1893 Report of Inspector of Mines; July 1894 1894 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Nineteenth Annual Report; 1894; Report of Inspector of Mines 1895 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Twentieth Annual Report; 1895; Report of Inspector of Mines 1896 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Twenty-First Annual Report; 1897; Report of State Inspector of Mines for 1896 1897 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Twenty-Second Annual Report; 1898; Report of State Inspector of Mines to the State Geologist, 1897 1898 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Twenty-Third Annual Report; 1899; Report of State Inspector of Mines to the State Geologist, 1898 1899 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Twenty-Fourth Annual Report; 1900; Report of State Inspector of Mines, January 20, 1900 1900 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Twenty-Fifth Annual Report; 1901; Report of State Inspector of Mines, February 7,1901 1901 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Twenty-Sixth Annual Report, 1901; 1903 Report of State Inspector of Mines, February 10,1902 1902 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Twenty-Seventh Annual Report, 1902; 1903 Report of State Inspector of Mines, February 10,1903 1903 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Twenty-Eighth Annual Report, 1903; 1904 Report of State Inspector of Mines, February 15,1904 1904 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Twenty-Ninth Annual Report, 1904; 1905 Report of State Inspector of Mines, March 4, 1905 1905 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Thirtieth Annual Report, 1905; 1906 Report of State Inspector of Mines, February 12, 1906 1906 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Thirty-First Annual Report, 1906; 1907 Report of State Inspector of Mines, February 26, 1907 1907 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Thirty-Second Annual Report, 1907; 1908 Report of State Inspector of Mines, February 29, 1908 1908 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Thirty-Third Annual Report, 1908; 1909 Report of State Inspector of Mines, February 25, 1909 1909 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Thirty-Fourth Annual Report, 1909; 1910 Report of State Inspector of Mines, February 23, 1910 1910 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources Thirty-Fifth Annual Report, 1910; 1911 Report of State Inspector of Mines, March 11, 1911 1912 State of Indiana First Annual Report of the State Bureau of Inspection, 1912 Wm. B. Burford, Contractor for State Printing and Binding, Indianapolis; 1913 1913 State of Indiana Second Annual Report of the State Bureau of Inspection, 1913 Wm. B. Burford, Contractor for State Printing and Binding, Indianapolis; 1914 1914ce The Colliery Engineer, September 1914; Vol. 35 - No. 2; Scranton, Pa. 1918cma Coal Men of America A Biographical and Historical Review of the World's Greatest Industry. The Retail Coalman; 1918 1921 Yearbook of the State of Indiana for the Year 1921; Wm. B. Burford, Contractor for State Printing and Binding, Indianapolis; 1922 201bd The Black Diamond; The Black Diamond Company, Inc, Chicago, Illinois |
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