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Cotton/Cotten DNA Project
The Y chromosome tests that are used examine sequences of DNA known as STR's (Short Tandem Repeats). These STR's are composed of about two to five base pairs which are repeated numerous times. Because of occasional mutations, the number of repeats can sometimes change. These mutations, known as polymorphisms, are passed along from father to son. By comparing the number of repeats in each of the markers tested, it is possible to tell if the men being tested come from the same recent male line.
List of participants - Carl Arthur Cotton Peter Daniel Cotton Walter Bradley Cotton Christopher L. Cotton Darrell Gerald Richmond Cotton Ian Sidney Cotton Reginald Harry Cotton Richard Graham Hay Cotton Meredith Leonard Cotton Ross Gilbert Hamilton Cotton William Raymond Cotton
Allan Douglas Cotton Brian Cotton C. Cotton David Lee Cotton Douglas Lloyd Cotton Doyle Mark Cotton Hikaru Kitabayashi John Buford Cotton Mark Allen Cotton Martyn John Cotton Maurice Arthur Cotton Michael John Cotton (1) Michael John Cotton (2) Michael Scott Cotton Robert Gordon Cotton Robert Murry Cotton Ronald Kenneth Cotton Roy James Cotton Terrence Richard Cotton William Jennings Cotten William Melvin Cotton Steve Lawrence Cotton David Harold Cotton Donald Stephen Cotton Charles Egerton Cotton Simon Stapleton-Cotton Thomas Robert Wellington Stapleton-Cotton William Andrew Calveley Cotton
Barry Percy Carrington Cotton David Charles Cotten Christopher John Cotton David Anthony Cotton Donald Maurice Cotton Frederick Peter Cotton John Hilton Cotton John Michael Cotton John Nicholas Cotton Leslie Stanley George Cotton Michael Raymond Cotton Paul Geoffrey Cotton Roderick Alastair Cotton Stanley George Cotton William Frank Cotton Andrew Jackson Cotten Jr. Beryl Ware Cotton III David Marshall Cotton David Michael Cotten Donald Edwin Cotten Gordon David Cotton Gregory Perry Cotten Harlan Eugene Cotten Jack Russell Cotton James Murray Cotten Jerry Wayne Cotton Joel Brian Cotton John Louis Cotton Kenneth Kaywood Cotten Larry Bryan Cotten Leon Brady Cotten Jr. Ralph Alton Cotton Raymond Earl Cotton III Richard Allen Cotten Richard Polhemus Cotton Robert Gene Cotton Ryan Kramer Steven Alan Cotten Thomas Wayne Cotton Tommie DeWayne Cotton Whitworth Willson Cotten Jr. Robert Randolph Cotten III James Braxton Cotton Jerry Dean Cotton Jerry Kevin Cotton Houston Leroy Cotton Bruce Conway Cotton John Bruce Cotton (Anonymous) Cotton Billy Jeff Cotten Cale Leroy Cotten Roy Rufus Cotton Steven Mark Cotton Steven Ray Cotton Wayne Cotten William Bryan Cotton Gordon Huffman Cotton Bryan McKinley Cotten (Anonymous) Cotten Marvin Chancellor Cotten Daniel Luzern Cotton Frankie LaVern Cotten Jr. George Rainey Cotton John David Cotton Nicholas Ian Arthur Cotton Pip Cotton Robert James Cotton Roger James Cotton Simon FitzSimon Cotton Thomas Richard Cotton Wendell Reed Cotton (Anonymous) Cotton Allen Worgan Cotton Andre Omer Cotton Barry Arthur Cotton Charles Creath Cottam Charles Edgar Cotton IV Danny Lynn Cotham James Stephen Cotham James Zina Cotton Lee Hubert Cotton Malcolm William Cottam Mark Christopher Cottom Rex Eugene Cotten Sheldon Eugene Cotton Thomas Earl Cotton (Anonymous) Cottam Joseph Bruce Cotton Tom William Cotton Verne Alban Cotton Wayne Leroy Cotton William Tucker Cotton Jason Lee Cotton Bruce Nicholas Cotton Marion Sherman Cotton Michael Dale Cotton Richard Roy Cotton Kenneth Wayne Cotton Michael John Cotton (3) William Fenwick Cotton Peter Charles Cotton Eric Cotton Robert David John Cotton Loine Clyde Cotton Oren Lee Cotton Frank Albert Cotton Bernard Chrysostom Cotton Jr. Michael Leigh Cotton Timothy L. Cotton James Sutherland Cotton John James Cotton Lynwood Irvin Cotton Michael Cotton William Gene Cotton Richard Edward Cotton Anthony Roger Cotton Barry John Howard Cotton Ronald William Cotton Lee Cotton Jacques Edward James Cotton Joseph Albert Cotton Joseph Neree Leonard Cotton John Henry Cotton Antony David William Vine Cotton Gordon Kingsley Cotton Edward Bernard Cotton David Frank Cotton David James Thompson Cotton Stanley Norman Cotton Christopher John Nicholas Cotton Trevor Francis Frederick Cotton Colin Clive Cotton Peter Cotton Anthony Ross Cotton David Lawrence Cotton John William Cotton Barry John Cotton Lonnie Michael Cotton (Anonymous) Cotton Frederick William Cotton Daniel William Cotton John Edward Cotton Daniel Thomas Cotton Claud Cecil Cotton Michael John Cotton (4) RESULTS The participants are grouped together in family units determined by the test results. Values in the pink cells are the reconstructed ancestral haplotype for the family as far as can be determined at present. The values for individuals are in blue (when matching the ancestral haplotype), yellow (when not matching, probably representing a mutation), and green (when no ancestral haplotype has been determined). Cells are left gray for those markers which have not been tested for the individual. This is because participants have been tested by several different companies which do not test all of the same markers and also because there are several different tests available from each company. Anthropologists have categorized human Y-DNA into a number of distinct major divisions called haplogroups which they have designated with the letters A through T. Each of these groups has a number of identified subclades and together form a sort of family tree of the human race. As the field of population genetics continues to grow and more men are tested, these results should be able to determine the origin of various haplogroups. Individuals might then identify the nation, tribe or clan that their direct male line came from, e.g. someone of British origin could know if their ancestor was Briton, Anglo-Saxon, Viking, Norman, Scot, etc. Though haplogroups can only be proven with an SNP test, it is possible to make a general prediction about a group by comparing STR results. At this point, only families 4, 7 and 11 have been SNP tested. The project haplogroup page attempts to categorize our participant families based on the information we have at present.
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